True Facts: Sea Stars

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Huge thank you to:
Dr. Chris Mah
Dr. Tomasz Baumiller
Dr. Timothy O’ Hara
Dr. Charles Messing
Dr. Kate M. Naughton
Dr. Angela Stevenson
Melissa Douglas
Dr. Igor Adameyko
Dr. Symon Dworjanyn
Dr. Lara Tomholt
Dr. Simon Coppard
Sina Heydari
Anders Garm
Melanie Lloyd
Video, courtesy of Monterey Bay Aquarium
Foundation © 2022

The New Zealand Marine Studies Centre,
University of Otago (New Zealand),
and Marco Zilioli

NOAA
Australian Institute of Marine Science
Hakai Institute
WA State Dept. of Ecology
Ocean Networks Canada / CSSF-ROPOS
Vancouver Aquarium
Ru Selvadurai
Tidal Gardens
beachstuff.uk
Garry Fletcher
Racerocks.com
Lester Pearson College
Zeb Hallock
Dr. Elise Hennebert
Mike Lukaczyn
WeDive TV

Abhishek Gupta
Mull Aquarium
Annette G.E. Smith
Robert Beck


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doi:10.1146/annurev.earth.36.031207.124116 


Baumiller, Tomasz K. and Messing, Charles G., 2007. Stalked Crinoid Locomotion, and its
Ecological and Evolutionary Implications. Palaeontologia Electronica Vol. 10, Issue 1; 2A:10p,
12MB


Baumiller, Tomasz K.; Mooi, Rich; Messing, Charles G. (2008). Urchins in the meadow:
paleobiological and evolutionary implications of cidaroid predation on crinoids.
Paleobiology, 34(1), 22–34. doi:10.1666/07031.1 


Blowes, L.M. et al. (2017), Body wall structure in the starfish Asterias rubens.
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Clark, R.N. & Jewett, S.C. 2015: A new sea star of the genus Leptasterias
from the Aleutian Islands.
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Simon E. Coppard; Andreas Kroh; Andrew B. Smith (2012). The evolution of pedicellariae in
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Garm Anders and Nilsson Dan-Eric 2014 Visual navigation in starfish: first evidence for the
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Garm Anders, Sensory Biology of Starfish—With Emphasis on Recent Discoveries
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Hennebert, Elise. (2010). Adhesion Mechanisms Developed by Sea Stars: A Review of the
Ultrastructure and Composition of Tube Feet and Their Secretion.
10.1007/978-3-7091-0286-2_7.


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314B:457–468.


Heydari, Sina et al.(2020).
Sea star inspired crawling and bouncing. Journal of The Royal Society Interface.
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KHAN, M. S.R. et al. (2019). 
Arrangement and size variation of intra-gonadal offspring in a viviparous asterinid sea star.
Zoosymposia, 15(1), 71–82. doi:10.11646/zoosymposia.15.1.8 

Meyer, D. et al. (2021). Crinoid Feeding Strategies: New I
nsights From Subsea Video And Time-Lapse (Elements of Paleontology). Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/9781108893534

Okanishi M, et al. (2017)
Non-destructive morphological observations of the fleshy brittle star,
Asteronyx loveni using micro-computed tomography.
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Tomholt, L. et al. (2020). The structural origins of brittle star arm kinematics:
An integrated tomographic, additive manufacturing, and parametric modeling-based
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