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Saltwater Fishes

Saltwater fishes, also known as marine fishes, inhabit the oceans and seas, which make up the majority of Earth's aquatic ecosystems. These fishes thrive in saline environments, with water containing high concentrations of dissolved salts, typically around 35 parts per thousand. They are found in diverse habitats ranging from shallow coral reefs and coastal estuaries to the open ocean and deep-sea trenches.

Saltwater fishes exhibit remarkable adaptability and diversity, with over 20,000 known species. Their sizes vary greatly, from tiny gobies measuring just a few centimeters to massive species like the whale shark, which can grow over 12 meters long. Marine fishes are equipped with specialized physiological adaptations, such as gills that expel excess salt and streamlined bodies for efficient movement through water.

Examples of saltwater fish include colorful reef dwellers like clownfish, angelfish, and parrotfish; predatory species such as sharks, barracudas, and groupers; and migratory species like tuna, mackerel, and marlin. Many saltwater fish play vital roles in their ecosystems as predators, prey, or contributors to reef-building and nutrient cycling.

Saltwater fishes are also of great importance to humans, providing food, economic value through commercial and recreational fishing, and aesthetic appeal for aquarium enthusiasts. However, many species face threats from overfishing, habitat destruction, and climate change, necessitating conservation efforts to ensure their survival.