Water Changes, Vital for Fishkeeping in Aquariums #dirtedaquarium #natureaquarium

So many fishkeepers are promoting the idea of never needing to do water changes but the actual science says differently. While it has been a topic of debate and discussion I shall go over some of the scientific information and research or just knowledge on the topic. Should you water change an aquarium? Is it important to water change? Natural aquariums often are anything but in what is a very complex concept. These no water change and dirted aquarium setups are sold as natural but often far from the truth. Water changes are important for any aquarium no matter whether you keep discus, pleco's, discus, tetra, barbs, rasbora, stingray etc. They are quick and take minimal effort so why not?

Citations are included but most are not of use in aquariums.

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Citations (most not of use to fishkeepers)
Hopkins, J. S., Hamilton, R. D., Sandier, P. A., Browdy, C. L., & Stokes, A. D. (1993). Effect of water exchange rate on production, water quality, effluent characteristics and nitrogen budgets of intensive shrimp ponds. Journal of the world aquaculture society, 24(3), 304-320.
Hopkins, J. S., Hamilton, R. D., Sandier, P. A., Browdy, C. L., & Stokes, A. D. (1993). Effect of water exchange rate on production, water quality, effluent characteristics and nitrogen budgets of intensive shrimp ponds. Journal of the world aquaculture society, 24(3), 304-320.
Yavuzcan Yildiz, H., Robaina, L., Pirhonen, J., Mente, E., Domínguez, D., & Parisi, G. (2017). Fish welfare in aquaponic systems: its relation to water quality with an emphasis on feed and faeces—a review. Water, 9(1), 13.
Tumwesigye, Z., Tumwesigye, W., Opio, F., Kemigabo, C., & Mujuni, B. (2022). The effect of water quality on aquaculture productivity in Ibanda District, Uganda. Aquaculture Journal, 2(1), 23-36.
Good, C., Davidson, J., Welsh, C., Brazil, B., Snekvik, K., & Summerfelt, S. (2009). The impact of water exchange rate on the health and performance of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss in water recirculation aquaculture systems. Aquaculture, 294(1-2), 80-85.
Good, C., Davidson, J., Earley, R. L., Lee, E., & Summerfelt, S. (2014). The impact of water exchange rate and treatment processes on water-borne hormones in recirculation aquaculture systems containing sexually maturing Atlantic salmon Salmo salar. Journal of Aquaculture Research & Development, 5(5), 1.